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Saturday, September 26

352 new papers appeared. We read every one. These 20 are worth your time.

Each dot is one paper. The pink ones made today's edition. Point at any dot to see its title.arXiv does not announce new papers on weekends, so this edition only has biology, medicine and journals.

Today's edition

Picked for broad interest, a real step forward and honest claims, with no field allowed to take over.

  1. Increased Demographic Turnover and Isolation Precede Social Fragmentation in Asian Elephants

    Following accumulated demographic turnover, networks fractured into smaller and more isolated social communities.
    PreprintClaims a big stepEasy to read
  2. Mammals produce cyclo -octasulfur to suppress lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis

    Together, these findings reveal an endogenous pool of S 8 in mammals that may protect cells from oxidative membrane damage by modulating cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis.
    Peer-reviewed journalClaims a big stepReal-world use
  3. Double descent without digital computation

    Here we demonstrate double descent in a decentralized analog network of self-adjusting resistive elements.
    Peer-reviewed journalClaims a big step
  4. Differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses by biomarker-agnostic plasma proteomics using adaptive machine learning

    Interpretation: A single plasma proteomic measurement interpreted using adaptive machine learning discriminates malignant from benign adnexal masses with good internal and external validation, and is complementary to ultrasound, warranting prospective evaluation as a panel-free diagnostic adjunct to imaging.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  5. Ancient introgression drives wild boar expansion and phenotypic diversification of domestic pigs

    Here, using 745 genomes representing populations across Eurasia, we demonstrate that wild boar expanded from South Asia during the Middle Pleistocene.
    Peer-reviewed journal
  6. Tracking human foragers and their prey reveals adaptive predator-prey dynamics

    Our results show how human foragers overcome the challenges of extracting invisible, mobile and reactive prey by tightly tuning patch-selection, patch-leaving and patch-return decisions to the distribution and behaviour of their prey.
    Preprint
  7. Antiferroelectric hafnia down to the 2D limit

    In this work, we demonstrate that single-crystalline hafnia, a lead-free CMOS-compatible material, exhibits antiferroelectricity under compressive-strain conditions.
    Peer-reviewed journalClaims a big stepReal-world use
  8. Nationwide recycled steel slag pavements can stimulate sustainable urban transportation

    Across assessment horizons accounting for phased deployment and two subsequent 15-year service cycles, replacing 25–100% of urban pavements is estimated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 19% (431–1741 million tonnes), cut fine particulate matter emissions by 13% (303–1229 million kilograms), avert approximately 31,802–128,980 premature deaths, and generate net economic benefits of 3.48–15.01 trillion Chinese Yuan.
    Peer-reviewed journalReal-world use
  9. Self-guided search in immersive VR reveals active hierarchical planning

    Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that self-guided search engaged a hierarchical information-seeking policy characterized at each stage by recurring plan-and-execute cycles paired with subgoal-specific attentional priorities.
    Preprint
  10. Direct Pan-Cancer Multi-Omic Analysis of Radiotherapy Response Reveals Coding and Regulatory Genomic Variation, and Extracellular Adaptive Programs Underlying Radioresistance

    To our knowledge, this study provides the first pan-cancer characterisation of clinically defined radiotherapy response and identifies potential candidate biomarkers for functional validation.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  11. Direct voltage imaging of peripheral axons in vivo reveals ongoing nociceptor firing in healthy mice

    Thus, direct voltage imaging reveals ongoing and spatially coordinated electrical activity within intact peripheral sensory arbors.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  12. Neural evidence that dogs segment the speech they hear with a humanlike consonant bias

    This suggests that dogs, similar to humans, exhibit consonant bias when segmenting the speech they hear.
    Peer-reviewed journalBroad interest
  13. Atlas of cell types and regulatory elements underlying human facial diversity

    Here we created a multimodal facial atlas across embryonic weeks 6-11, providing single-cell transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility and spatial transcriptomics, all at single-cell resolution.
    Peer-reviewed journal
  14. Science still has expertise; what it’s lost is authority

    A new idea in philosophy called the "unicontext" suggests that the advance of technology, along with basic human desires, has been leading to this point for the past century.
    Peer-reviewed journalBroad interestEasy to read
  15. Prussian blue regulates ion dynamics in perovskite solar cells

    We report that a lattice-matched Prussian blue scaffold directs heterogeneous nucleation to produce highly oriented, strain-relaxed films.
    Peer-reviewed journalReal-world use
  16. An information-theoretic proof of the Planckian bound for thermalization

    We formulate thermalization as a process that prepares states close to the corresponding thermal ensemble for a set of distinct Hamiltonians, and show that quantum mechanics imposes a universal lower bound τ ≥ τ Pl /2 on the thermalization time τ at finite temperature.
    Peer-reviewed journalClaims a big step
  17. Divergent trends in post-landfall decay of strong and weak tropical cyclones

    Here we identify an intensity-dependent divergence in global trends of tropical cyclone post-landfall decay.
    Peer-reviewed journalReal-world use
  18. Adaptive nuclear GTP synthesis promotes glioblastoma treatment resistance and is a targetable vulnerability in patients

    Together, these findings implicate IMPDH as a potential metabolic target in GBM whose pharmacological inhibition is feasible and could complement standard-of-care chemoradiation therapy.
    PreprintReal-world use
  19. Stereodivergent telomerization of linear functionalized dienes with amines

    Here we report an orthogonal telomerization platform using linear functionalized 1,3-dienes as the substrates, which simultaneously dictates regio-, geometric, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities.
    Peer-reviewed journalClaims a big step
  20. Spatiotemporal characterization of Alzheimer disease pathology in living human brain tissue

    Here we show that small brain biopsies collected during ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery can be used to study Alzheimer disease pathology and protein turnover during life.
    Peer-reviewed journal