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Tuesday, September 22

2,844 new papers appeared. We read every one. These 20 are worth your time.

Each dot is one paper. The pink ones made today's edition. Point at any dot to see its title.

Today's edition

Picked for broad interest, a real step forward and honest claims, with no field allowed to take over.

  1. The DNA Legacy of Thomas Jefferson

    Using these DNA data, we find clear evidence of Thomas Jefferson ancestry in descendants of both his wife Martha Wayles Jefferson and Sally Hemings.
    PreprintBroad interest
  2. Exact Realization of Deep ReLU Computation in a Microscopic Statistical-Mechanical System

    Here we establish an exact statistical-mechanical realization of arbitrary ReLU networks.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  3. Monet: Measuring the Ecosystem of Open-Source Text-to-Image Models Tailored for Harmful Services

    In this study, we present the first systematic, ecosystem-level measurement of Monets.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  4. LLM-Based FORM Code Generation with Verification-Driven Fine-Tuning

    Fine-tuning a compact open-weights model (Qwen3-8B) with quantized low-rank adaptation (QLoRA) yields a specialist that, evaluated on four complementary benchmarks (840 tasks, single attempt each), decisively outperforms frontier models with up to 756B parameters in execution rate and in strict, FORM-verified output matching on the larger benchmarks, and remains statistically indistinguishable from them on the smaller, harder ones.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  5. High-resolution Nitrogen Dioxide Maps Reveal Exposure Limit Breaches across Europe

    We reconstruct the daily compliance statistic across those regions and find limit breaches in 91 EU air quality zones deemed compliant by the regulatory monitoring network, covering a population of approximately 135M.
    PreprintReal-world use
  6. Single-nucleus profiling of social behaviour in a mutualistic reef fish

    Here, we present the first single-nucleus transcriptome atlas of the telencephalon in the cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, a remarkable model for advanced social cognition.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  7. Visualizing micro- nanoplastics in the human brain: Early evidence for roles in microvascular pathology

    In summary our results demonstrate that synthetic polymers exhibit detectable fluorescence, and particles with similar spectral properties are visible in histologic sections.
    PreprintBroad interest
  8. Ferroelectric switching of odd-parity magnon spin splitting

    Here we report room-temperature transport evidence for ferroelectric switching odd-parity magnon spin splitting in multiferroic BiFeO3.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  9. Gliders on Aperiodic Monotilings: Cellular Automata on the Hat and Spectre

    Evolutionary search then discovers gliders on both monotilings; tracked by a sliding window that regenerates the patch along the flight, they travel one million rings at constant speed and heading.
    PreprintClaims a big stepCode available
  10. AI-written admissions essays are widespread but penalized

    These improvements, however, came with an apparent AI penalty: Applicants submitting AI-written essays were admitted less often than comparable non-users.
    PreprintBroad interestEasy to read
  11. ORION-CMR: On-scanner Reporting with Integrated Foundation Model for End-to-End Cardiac MRI Analysis and Interpretation

    We present ORION-CMR (On-scanner Reporting with Integrated fOunda-tioN Model), the first clinically evaluated scanner-native end-to-end CMR foundation model.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  12. Characterizing Wildlife Response to Biomimetic and Conventional Underwater Vehicles

    We present the first dataset comparing fish disturbance in response to a conventional thruster-driven AUV, a sea turtle inspired flipper-driven AUV, and a diver.
    PreprintReal-world use
  13. NAVIR: Neuromorphic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition for Robust Human-Robot Interaction on Edge Hardware

    We present NAVIR, an end-to-end AVSR system targeting the BrainChip Akida neuromorphic processor, which natively supports only sequential two-dimensional convolutional inference.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  14. ZIL: Zero-shot Image-to-LiDAR Registration

    We propose ZIL, the first foundation model for zero-shot non-synchronized image-to-LiDAR registration.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world useCode available
  15. BATOseq-PE: A public batoid DNA library with the first molecular insights into the cryptic diversity, genetic health, and management of Peruvian marine rays

    To bridge this gap, we developed BATOseq-PE, the first public genetic reference library for Peruvian marine batoids, covering 14 species sequenced in vitro from local specimens, complemented by a novel in silico assembled mitogenome for Notoraja martinezi.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  16. ClimTip-GML: A global bias-corrected and downscaled dataset for assessing impacts of climate tipping events

    Here, we present ClimTip-GML, the first globally bias-corrected and downscaled climate dataset for impact assessment of large-scale tipping scenarios, comprising eight key variables at 0.25{\deg} spatial resolution from three general circulation models (GCMs): CESM1-CAM5, HadGEM3-GC31-MM, and MPI-ESM1-2-HR.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  17. The Choreographic Genome: Amplifying the Silent Structure of Text into Dance

    We present an embodied visualization instrument that amplifies not what a text means, but how it is built.
    PreprintBroad interest
  18. InsertAnything: Generalizable Contact-Rich Precision Insertion from Simulation to Reality

    We present a reinforcement learning framework that trains insertion policies entirely in simulation for direct deployment without real-world demonstrations or policy fine-tuning.
    PreprintClaims a big stepReal-world use
  19. Direct imaging of sub-parsec binary SMBHs in the central galaxy of the NGC 5044 group

    The 4.9, 8.4, 15.2, and 23.6 GHz VLBA images reveal two compact, flat-spectrum, and variable radio cores separated by just 0.38 parsec at the heart of the galaxy, forming the tightest directly imaged binary AGN known by an order of magnitude.
    PreprintClaims a big step
  20. Lifespan EEG Reference Charts Reveal Aperiodic Confounds in Beta-Band Biomarkers Across Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders

    In this paper, we establish the first comprehensive lifespan reference charts for beta oscillations (N = 22,094, ages: 1-100 years) using complementary analytic approaches that isolate periodic oscillations from aperiodic background activity.
    PreprintClaims a big step